Indigofera suffruticosa Mill (Fabaceae): hepatic responses in mice bearing sarcoma 180 / Indigofera suffruticosa Mill (Fabaceae): respuestas hepáticas en ratones portadores de sarcoma 180

Indigofera suffruticosa is a plant generally used to treat infectious and inflammatory processes. This work aims to evaluate the histopathological changes in the liver tissue of mice with Sarcoma 180 after subchronic treatment with aqueous extract obtained by infusion and maceration of Indigofera suffruticosa leaves. Male mice were divided into four groups of six animals: G1, G2 and G3 patients with Sarcoma 180 and Sarcoma 180 G4 without sarcoma. G1 and G2 were treated with infusion mashing respectively (50 mg/kg ip); G3 and G4 controls received saline (15 ml/kg ip). The histopathological and morphometric analysis of liver tissue after subchronic treatment with aqueous extracts by infusion and maceration of the groups G1, G2 and G4 were similar and showed no degraded areas or leukocyte infiltration compared to G3, which shows a marked destruction of liver architecture. The results showed that after subchronic treatment with the aqueous extract of leaves Indigofera Suffruticosa obtained by infusion and maceration, the hepatic architecture was preserved, suggesting its use as an alternative hepatoprotective agent.

Indigofera suffruticosa es una planta utilizada para tratar procesos infecciosos e inflamatorios. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar los cambios histopatológicos en el tejido del hígado de ratones con sarcoma 180 después del tratamiento subcrónica con el extracto acuoso obtenido por infusión y maceración de las hojas de Indigofera suffruticosa. Los ratones machos fueron divididos en cuatro grupos de seis animales: pacientes G1 , G2 y G3 con Sarcoma 180 y G4 sin Sarcoma. G1 y G2 fueron tratados con infusión de maceración respectivamente (50mg/kg.ip); Controles G3 y G4 recibieron solución salina (15 ml/kg.ip). El análisis histopatológico y morfométrico de tejido hepático después de un tratamiento subcrónico con extractos acuosos por infusión y la maceración de los grupos G1, G2 y G4 fueron similares y no mostraron áreas degradadas o la infiltración de leucocitos en comparación a G3, que muestra una marcada destrucción de la arquitectura del hígado. Los resultados mostraron que después de un tratamiento subcrónico con el extracto acuoso de hojas de Indigofera suffruticosa obtenidos por infusión y la maceración, se conservó la arquitectura hepática, lo que sugiere su uso como una alternativa de agente hepatoprotector.

Oviposition and Embryotoxicity of Indigofera suffruticosa on Early Development of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).

Aqueous extract of Indigofera suffruticosa leaves obtained by infusion was used to evaluate the oviposition, its effect on development of eggs and larvae, and morphological changes in larvae of Aedes aegypti. The bioassays were carried out with aqueous extract in different concentrations on eggs, larvae, and female mosquitoes, and the morphological changes were observed in midgut of larvae. The extract showed repellent activity on A. aegypti mosquitoes, reducing significantly the egg laying by females with control substrate (343 (185-406)) compared with the treated substrate (88 (13-210)). No eclosion of A. aegypti eggs at different concentrations studied was observed. The controleclodedin 35%. At concentration of 250 µg/mL, 93.3% of larvae remained in the second instar of development and at concentrations of 500, 750, and 1000 µg/mL the inhibitory effect was lower with percentages of 20%, 53.3%, and 46.6%, respectively. Morphological changes like disruption on the peritrophic envelope (PE), discontinued underlying epithelium, increased gut lumen, and segments with hypertrophic aspects were observed in anterior region of medium midgut of larvae of A. aegypti. The results showed repellent activity, specific embryotoxicity, and general growth retardation in A. aegypti by medium containing aqueous extract of I. suffruticosa leaves.

Antimicrobial Activity of Indigofera suffruticosa.

Various organic and aqueous extracts of leaves of Indigofera suffruticosa Mill (Fabaceae) obtained by infusion and maceration were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. The extracts were tested against 5 different species of human pathogenic bacteria and 17 fungal strains by the agar-solid diffusion method. Most of the extracts were devoid of antifungal and antibacterial activities, except the aqueous extract of leaves of I. suffruticosa obtained by infusion, which showed strong inhibitory activity against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 5000 microg ml(-1). The MIC values to dermatophyte strains were 2500 microg ml(-1) against Trichophyton rubrum (LM-09, LM-13) and Microsporum canis. This study suggests that aqueous extracts of leaves of I. suffruticosa obtained by infusion can be used in the treatment of skin diseases caused by dermatophytes.

Administração neonatal de sertralina causa resistência à depressão experimental induzida em ratos adultos / Neonatal administration of sertraline causes resistence on the experimental induced depression in adult rats

Modelos animais contribuem para o entendimento da participação do sistema serotoninérgico na gênese do comportamento depressivo e da ação dos antidepressivos. No presente estudo foi investigado o comportamento depressivo e o comportamento exploratório de ratos adultos jovens, tratados no período neonatal com sertralina, um inibidor seletivo da recaptação de serotonina. Os animais receberam via subcutânea, 15mg/kg de sertralina (n=33) o 1ml/kg de água destilada (n=27), diariamente do 1ºao 21º dia da vida pós-natal. A depressão experimental foi induzida através do teste do nado forçado, onde foram mensurados a latência da tentativa de fuga e o tempo de morbidade. E o comportamento exploratório foi observado através da atividade exploratóira no Hole board. Os animais tratados com a sertralina apresentaram resistência à indução experimental da depressão. O nado forçado reduziu o comportamento exploratório independente do tratamento farmacológico. Esses achados confirmam a importante participação dos sistema serotoninérgico na fisiologia do humor.